va-grancy /'veigransi/ noun [U] {law W) the crime of living on the streets and begging (- asking for money) from people流浪罪；流浪行乞

va-grant /'veigrant/ noun (formal or law W) a person who has no home or job, especially one who begs :(=asks for money) from peopie 无业游民；流浪者； (尤指）乞丐►va.grant

vague /veig/ adj. (vaguer, vaguest) 1 not clear in a person’s mind (,思想上、)不清楚的，含糊的，木明确 的，模糊的：to have a vague fmpression/memory/ recoHection 〇/ sth对某事印象/记忆模糊◊ They had onZy a va^ue idea whe,re the piace was•他们只是夫概知 道如个地方的位置。2〜（about sth) not having or giving enough information or details about sth 不具体 的；木详细的；粗略的：She’s a〖itde vague about her pians /or nejrt: year•她对她明年的计划不怎么明确。◊ The politicians made vague promises about tax cuts. JEft; 界人物的减税承诺言辞含混。◊故was accused o/ bein^ ddiberatefy vague.他被指责为故意含糊其辞。◊ We had onZy a vague descr中tion o/the attacfcer•我们只有那个袭 击#的粗略描述。3 (of a person’s behaviour人‘行免 suggesting a lack of clear thought or attention ■茫■然 的；糊涂的；心不在焉的Pm ABSENT-MINDED: His vague manner concea[ed a briHfant mhd.他大智■若愚。

4 not having a clear shape不清楚的；模糊的；朦胧的 H771 indistinct ： In the darkness they could see the vague outiine o/a church.他们在黑暗中能看到一座教堂 的朦胧轮廓。► vague.ness now/1? [U]

vague-Iy /'veigli/ adv. 1 in a way that is not detailed or exact不译细地；含糊地；不确切地：a vagudy worded statement 措辞含糊的声明can vagueiy remember my 卢rst day at       我还依稀记得我第一天上学的情景。

2 slightly 略微；■稍微：There was something vagudy /amitor about her/ace.她有点儿面熟。■ ◊ f/e was vagueZy aware o//ootsteps behind him.他伤桃意识到背后有涵l 步声。3 in a way that shows that you are not paying attention or thinking deafly 心不在焉地：He smiled vagudy, ignoring her questions•他漫不经心地笑 了笑， $有理会她的问题。

vaiq /vein/ adj. 1 that does not produce the result you want徒劳的；枉然的；无结果的HE] useless: She closed her eyes tightly in a vain attempt to hold back the tears■她紧闭取眼，却无法忍住眼泪。fcnocfcedZoudZy fn the vafn hope t/iat someone might answer.我敲门赢 得很响，希望看人应声，却是徒然。2 Wsfl/?prov//igj t6o proud of your own appearance, abilities or achieve- ments 自:负的；自视过彘的 H3Z1 conceited: She’s too vain to wear gtoses. “太爱虚荣，不肯戴眼镜。一see also vanity(I) fRn in _vain without success 枉费心 机；徒劳无益；白费力气：They tried in vain to persuade hertogo.他们极力劝说她去，但柱费了一番口舌。OAH our e力forts were m vain•我们的所有努力都付诸东流了。

—more at name n.

vain-glori-ous /.vein'gloirias/ adj. {literary, disapproving) too proud of your own abilities or achievements 自■负 的；自命不凡的；自畋自擂的►vain.glory/,venVgb:r。 noun [U]

vain-ly /’veinli/ flt/v. without success 徒劳地；不.成功 地;m费力地：He shouted a_/ter them, vainly tiyfng to attract their attention.他在他们的后面春喊，—引起他们

:的注意，却是徒劳。 *

val-ance /'vaelans/ noun 1 a narrow piece of cloth like a short curtain that hangs around the frame of a bed, under a shelf, etc.(床架等四周的）短帷幔，布帘 2 {especially NAm£) = pelmet vale /veil/ noun {old use or literary) (also used in modern place names也用于现代地名）a valley谷；：山■谷：a wooded va〖e 树呆.逢畚如山谷◊ the Vaie 〇/ the White Horse怀，霍斯谷

val-ediction /.vaeli'dikjn/ nouti [C, U] (formal) the act of saying goodbye, especially in a formal speech』（尤指正.

式演讲中的）告别，告别辞

val.edic.tor.ian /.vaelidik'toirian/ noun (A/Amf) the student who has the highest marks/grades in a particular group of students and. who gives the valedic­tory speech at a graduation ceremony 毕 业典礼

上）致告别辞的最优生

2229

val.edic.tory /.vaeli'diktari/ adj. [usually before noun] (formal) connected with saying goodbye, especially at a formal occasion (尤在正僉场合）告鈿的，告辞命：a vaZedktory speech 告别演说

va-lency /'veilansi/ noun [C, U] {pi. -ies) (also va-lence /■veilans/ especially in      1 (cl7e/r?/sfAy 化）a meas­

urement of the power of an atom to combine with others, by the number of hydrogen atoms it can combine with or displace 价；化合价；.原子.价： Carbon has a vaZemy o/4.碳沾化合价是 4.价。2 ("_/7gw/’5- tics i^W) the number of grammatical elements that a word, especially a verb, combines with in a sentence 组配数限，配价丨一个词，尤指动词，.在句子中结合的语 法成分数目）

val-en-tine /'vaelantain/ noun 1 (also valentine card) a card that you send to sb.that you love on St Valentine’s Day (14 February), often without putting your name

on it (吾2月14日常匿名寄送的）圣瓦伦廷节情人卡 2 a person that you send a valentine to .(收受圣瓦伦廷

节贺卡的）情人

’Valentine’s Day o St Valentine’s Day

valerian /va'liarian; NAm'E -hr-/ noun [U] a drug obtained from the root of a plant with the same name, used to make people feel calmer缴草（从额草根提取的

镇定药）

valet noun, verb

m noun /'vaelei; 'vaelit; NAmE also vas'lei/ 1 a man’s personal servant who takes care of his clothes, serves his meals，etc•(照管男子衣食等，的）贴身仆人，仆从

2              (firf) a hotel employee whose job is to clean the clothes of hotel guests (旅馆中）为顾客洗衣服的服务员

3              [NAm£) a person who parks your car for you at a hotel or restaurant (旅馆壶饵库+为顾客停车的服务员

■ verfr /'vaelrt/ 1 [VNV (8r£) ’.to clean a person’s car thor­oughly, especially on the inside 彻 底清洗 （ 尤指车 内 > :a car vaZering service 清洗汽车服务 2 [V] to perform the duties of a valet 侍候；服侍

Val-halla /vael'haela/ noun [u] (in ancient Scandinavian stories..古斯堪的纳维亚神话）a palace in which、some chosen men who had died in battle went to live with the god Odin for ever瓦尔哈拉殿堂（阵亡将:t与奧丁神 永>久生活的宫殿）

vali-ant /'vaeliant/ adj. (especially literary) very brave or determined英勇的；勇敢的；果敢的；坚定的EBEl courageous ： valiant warriors    0 She made

a valiant attempt not to iaugh.她试鹵强忍崔'木■麵出来。

► vali-anMy adv.

valid 〇T»7'vaelid/〇〇[/'.

1 that is legally or officially acceptable (法律上）有效 的；（正式）i又可的：a vaHd pas印ort有效的护照◊ a bus pass vah’d/or 2 month 公共行幸月票◊ They have a vdfd dafm to compensation.彳也丨丨1}%要永赔偿必合法权 利。2 based on what is logical or true 符合逻_的；合 理的；.有根据的；确凿的：She had vdid reasons /or not supporting the proposal她有充分的理由不支持这些建 议。◊ TTie point you mafce is pe//ect〖y vdfd•你提出的论 点完全站得住脚。3 (compwt/ng 计）that is accepted by the system有效的；系統认可的：a vaZid password有效 密码 Pm invalid ► val-id-ly flt/v. ： The contract had been va〖fd〖y drawn up.这份合崗已依据法律草拟妥当。

val-id-ate /'vaelideit/ verb [VN] (formal) 1 to prove that sth is true 证实；确认；确证：to validate a theory 证实 理论 PTira invalidate 2 to make sth legally valiS 使生 效；使有法律效力：to vaHdate ci contract使合同生效 EDQ invalidate 3 to state officially that sth is useful and of an acceptable standard 批准；确认…有.效；认 可：Check that their courses have been validated by a reputable organization.   1=11

构的承认，►val.id.ation Avaeli’deiJfn/nowntIVC].

val-id-ity /va'lidati/ noun [U] 1 the state of being legally or officially acceptable (&律上的）有效，合法性； (正式的）认可：77ie periods/vah’dfty 〇/ the agreement has expired.本协议的着效期已过。2 the state of being logicaiandtrue 符合逻辑；正当；正确：We had doubts about the va〖idify 〇/their argument.舍们对他们的论点 的正确性有过怀疑。