#jfi.&'A Wo 0 I’m very very grateful. $t7j ft BM0

2                  used to emphasize a superlative adjective or before

own (own m >     +&:

They wanted the very best quality. fMj Jcift£FO Be there by six at the very latest. AiSTIcSMAAfiJli HM 0 O At last he had his very own car (= belonging to him and to nobody else). #AfTA 7 A T JI T life S B&7

3 the ~ same exactly the same r^£[t]#;

[mJ ; Mario said the very same thing. ^Jt

m adj. [only before noun] 1 used to emphasize that you are talking about a particular thing or person and not about another ( ##A’lSc|f# )      |r|—

ET771 actual: Those were her very words. ITSlfPjl. ll ®   0 O He might be phoning her at this very

moment.  j££JLJEA/pMfT%iS-%o 0 That’s the

very thing I need. 1$ IE jl $c W ^ ifJ ^ o 2 used to emphasize an extreme place or time (

Hf |h] ) fi • • • ifl , ® ^ 67, “t Ud 67 : It happens at the very beginning of the book. *ff & ± A IS fill - Jf A 0

3                  used to emphasize a noun () fXfX

(tfj, u|®&7,       am MERE: The very thought of

drink made him feel sick. ffe *E 3\ M WL ffcM 35 A 0 o 7 can’t do that!’ she gasped, appalled at the very idea.

wmn

ITiTOl see eye n.

GRAMMAR POINT if

very ♦ very much

                  Very is used with adjectives, past participles used as adjectives, and adverbs. * very

: / am very hungry.

o / was very pleased to get your letter. ASlff &7fs fc o You played very well. iffWiWkh But notice this use {0^#: I’m very much afraid that your son may be involved in the crime.

( very much afraid ) ff JLT Rft&A lA^S TA'#!

flo ..

                  Very is not used with past participles that have a passive meaning. Much, very much or greatly

(formal) are usually used instead.  l(J7iTA

friifA-f very liflj,     much, very much $

greatly (   ) : Your help was very much

appreciated.       o He was much

loved by everyone. o She was

greatly admired.

                  Very is used to emphasize superlative adjectives.

* very himy very best work

o the very youngest children liAST

T However, with comparative adjectives much, very much, a lot, etc. are used. BWik WJh! much, very much, a lot : Your work is very much better, iff (17 X jfc ’M- H £ = o much younger children

xnmmx

                  Very is not used with adjectives and adverbs that

already have an extreme meaning. You are more likely to use an adverb such as absolutely, completely, etc.      very, .fffftJH

absolutely, completely T^gijipj: She was absolutely furious. ttllftTo completely exhausted. fod£t8$ij^7o o You played really brilliantly.

mmmmmio

                  Very is not used with verbs. Use very much instead.

SHUAffi very, TO hi very much: We enjoyed staying with you very much. f ] A # #11# A If l£ IL

.very high 'frequency noun [U] = VHF Very light I'veri lait/ noun a bright coloured light that is fired from a gun as a signal from a ship that it needs help ( lG±$if!$J )

Vesak (also Wesak) /'vesaek/ (also Visa-kha) noun [usually sing] an important Buddhist festival which celebrates the birth, enlightenment and death of the

| 2239

Buddha   Miff U&itmmUX. JMffl

mm)

vesicle /‘vesikl/ noun 1 (biology A) a small bag or hollow structure in the body of a plant or an animal (    ) '?&, It 2 (medical E) a small swelling

filled with liquid under the skin XM cm blister

ves-pers /'vespaz; NAmE -parz/ noun [U] the service of evening prayer in some Christian Churches ( 36# fit ^ , tifcW — compare evensong, matins

vessel I've si/ noun 1 (formal) a large ship or boat A Ip ; In : ocean-going vessels Ize # IS 2 (old use or technical A if) a container used for holding liquids, such as a bowl, cup, etc. (      &7 ) §##, #111: a

Bronze Age drinking vessel      3 a tube

that carries blood through the body of a person or an animal, or liquid through the parts of a plant ( AM?#] #17 ) idW, J&t; ( ®#67 ) 'W—see also blood

VESSEL

vest /vest/ noun, verb

a noun 1 (BrE) (NAmE under-shirt) a piece of underwear worn under a shirt, etc. next to the skin ( MA^JIffi J ) HA\ fF3A a cotton vest  — compare

singlet 2 a special piece of clothing that covers the upper part of the body ft. ;       ( ft itU J7 ) #4': a

bullet-proof vest g/f # A\ <> a running vest 3 (NAmE) = WAISTCOAT

mverb 1-niTi 'vest in sb/sth (law W) (of power, property, etc. ft , M/*:#) to belong to sb/sth legally ( fttE ) MT, BM 'vest sth in sb I vest sb with sth [often passive] (formal) 1 to give sb the legal right or power to do sth UX, MT, inf (  ) : Overall

authority is vested in the Supreme Council. — ft El ft M T ft ft ft o 0 The Supreme Council is vested with overall authority.   2 to make

sb the legal owner of land or property $£?&$} A ( ±

mmmr r

.vested 'interest noun ~ (in sth) a personal reason for wanting sth to happen, especially because you get some advantage from it       # TJ ^: They have a vested

interest in keeping the club as exclusive as possible. ftMll

0 Vested

interests (= people with a vested interest) are opposing the plan.

ves ti bule /‘vestibjuil/ noun 1 (formal) an entrance hall of a large building , for example where hats and coats can be left $JIf, HJf (/(PoJAAWA ) 2 (technical A.io) a space at the end of a coach/car on a train that connects it with the next coach/car 11 Hn ( f'JT.M/f

ves-tige /'vestid3/ noun (formal) 1 a small part of sth that still exists after the rest of it has stopped existing % j§ nPfft; 1111 033 trace : the last vestiges of the old colonial regime |B M K M S S 0 67 ^ £ 2 usually used in negative sentences, to say that not even a small amount of sth exists ( —TUL

There’s not a vestige of truth in the rumour.

AJt5£pTir0

ves tigial /ve'stidsial/ adj. [usually before noun] (formal or technical A ip) remaining as the last small part of sth that used to exist       llft&A vestigial

traces of an earlier culture Aft fjHi! b It is often possible to see the vestigial remains of rear limbs on some snakes.

vest-ment /'vestmant/ noun [usually pi.] a piece of clothing worn by a priest during church services ( n] H

ves-try I'vestri/ noun (pi. -ies) a room in a church where a priest prepares for a service by putting on special clothes and where various objects used in worship are kept ( ) HA^ Baa sacristy

vet /vet/ noun, verb

mnoun 1 (especially BrE) (NAmE usually vet-er-in-ar-ian) (also BrE formal 'veterinary surgeon) a person who has been trained in the science of animal medicine, whose job is to treat animals who are sick or injured f§- E 2 vet’s (pi. vets) the place where a vet works # E #