(called a parish) (    ) ftyft, UcK## 2 (AMmE)

a priest in the US Episcopal Church (.

!lrp —compare curate, minister n.(2), priest(I), rector(I)

vicarage /‘vikarid3/ noun a vicar’s house vic ari ous /vi'kearias; /VAmE vai'ker-/ adj. [only before noun] felt or experienced by watching or reading about sb else doing sth, rather than by doing it yourself |h] fg 3\        : He got a vicarious thrill out of watching his

son score the winning goal ftlrlrJLftlh]' AftJftlfj— #,

► vic-ari-ous-ly adv.

vice /vais/ noun 1 [u] criminal activities that involve sex or drugs ( ft 'ft i # & ft A 69 ) H ff : plain-clothes detectives from the vice squad ft # or 3EJPfr^ lAW ft ft ft 2 [U, C] evil or immoral behaviour; an evil or immoral quality in sb’s character M ff; ft H I! ff ft; M'M ; ffl M : The film ended most satisfactorily: vice punished and virtue rewarded, it. nP ft          M W ft)A

U:        0 Greed is a terrible

vice.   #3S ft o' o (humorous) Cigarettes are my

only vice, ftut—WPMsfclIMft'jSo 3 (BrE) (/VAmE vise) [C] a tool with two metal blocks that can be moved together by turning a screw. The vice is used to hold an object firmly while work is done on it.

He held my arm in a vice-like (= very firm) grip,

vice- /vais/ combining form (in nouns and related adjectives ft £ it] ft ft Eft ft is]) next in rank to sb and able to represent them or act for them g!]; ftii: vice-captain SJMft

.vice ‘admiral noun an officer of very high rank in the navy

.vice ‘chancellor noun the head of a university in Britain, who is in charge of the work of running the university. (Compare the chancellor, who is the offi­cial head of a university but only has duties at various ceremonies.) (     ) ftft

.vice-’president noun (abbr. VP) 1 the person below the president of a country in rank, who takes control of the country if the president is not able to @!]&lft; gij±$r 2 (NAmEI) a person in charge of a particular part of a business company ( ) SfL&fs,

Ji: the vice-president of sales vice-roy /‘vaisroi/ noun (often used as a title          ft)

a person who is sent by a king or queen to govern a COLONY (

vice versa /.vais 'V3:sa; .vaisi; NAmE 'V3:rsa/ adv. used to say that the opposite of what you have just said is also true         #;       You can cruise from

Cairo to Aswan or vice versa (= also from Aswan to Cairo).

mmw&o

vichyssoise /,vi:Ji:'swa:z/ noun [u, C] (from French) a type of soup made with potatoes and cream, usually served cold  )

the vicinity /va'sinati/ noun [sing.] the area around a particular place if] m ft K; $P i£ ft K; Pft ific: Crowds gathered in the vicinity of Trafalgar Square. ft|$^ PAW AIKJftHo -0 There is no hospital in the immediate vicinity.

vi cious /'vijas/ adj. 1 violent and cruel £EH$J ; $e@§Eft H77I brutal: a vicious attack 0 a vicious

criminal IX] ^ <> She has a vicious temper, ft ft'If

MfMo 2 (of animals zf ft) aggressive and dangerous |Xj SE^&l&lft: a vicious dog if ft 3 (of an attack, criticism, etc. , ft if ^s) full of hatred and anger ft'It! Eft; F* Eft: She wrote me a vicious letter. ft££ J - H f* W Eft ft o 4 (informal) very bad or severe M b (ft; Jr Eft: a vicious headache M^IIEftA^} 0 a vicious spiral of rising prices ftft^Mft!^Sift±^ vi cious ly adv. viciousness noun [U]: Police were shocked by the viciousness of the assault. W Jfffl & —*     ® (ft M. M

.vicious ‘circle noun [sing.] a situation in which one problem causes another problem which then makes the first problem worse M ft # ft — compare virtuous circle

I 2241

vi-cis-si-tude /vi'sisitjuid; NAmE -tu:d/ noun [usually pi.] (formal) one of the many changes and problems in a situation or in your life, that you have to deal with

$if; A£lftS#; victim 0-w /'viktim/ noun

1                  a person who has been attacked, injured or killed as the result of a crime, a disease, an accident, etc. ^ H

#                  ; ‘1 at ft ; -I # ; W ft qp : murder/rape, etc.

victims ^ , 3t#f  o accident/earth-

quake/famine, etc. victims ftft. Jfi M,

#                  0 AIDS/cancer/stroke, etc. victims IS S,

o victims of crime W ^    # 0 She was

the innocent victim of an arson attack, ftjl—

0 Schools are the latest victims of cuts in public spending. ¥ # Ji M M ^ ^ ft A W ft ff ffi ft rr «,

2                  a person who has been tricked ^ IS M ; i: ^ W A

HT1 target : They were the victims of a cruel hoax. ft in J& 7 — A ^ W ±        # o — see also fashion

victim 3 an animal or a person that is killed and offered as a sacrifice       fejgftft ( ^A ) ; ^

no; ffift: a sacrificial victim IRTl fall 'victim .to sth) (formal) to be injured, damaged or killed by sth ^

vic tim ize (BrE also -ise) /'viktimaiz/ verb [VN] [often passive] to make sb suffer unfairly because you do not like them, their opinions, or sth that they have done ( ftlH^ft )         For years the family had

been victimized by racist neighbours.

HI ff W # M ft M tfi & W. o o The union claimed that some of its members had been victimized for taking part in the strike. M

vic-tim-iza-tion, -isa-tion /.viktimai'zeijn; NAmE-ma'z-/ noun [U]

vic*tiit»-less /'viktimlas/ adj. a victimless crime is one in which nobody seems to suffer or be harmed ( H

ffAlAigtm ft^WftAW

.victim sup'port noun [U] a service provided by the police that helps people who are victims of crime ft

AfcSb (       )

vic-tor /'vikta(r)/ noun (literary) the winner of a battle, competition, game, etc. jftfij#;

Vic-toria Cross /vik.toiria 'kms; /VAmE 'krais/ noun (abbr. VC) a medal for special courage that is given to members of the British and Commonwealth armed forces

fX) .

Vic-torian /vik'tairian/ adj., noun adj, 1 connected with the period from 1837 to 1901 when Queen Victoria ruled Britain ( US )       MA

3EBtft ( 1837-1901 ft ) (ft Victorian architecture

0 the Victorian age ££^fl|l'N‘ft 2 having the attitudes that were typical of society during Queen Victoria’s reign :

Victorian attitudes to sex (= being easily shocked by sexual matters)       ftji^jt 0 She advocated a

return to Victorian values (= hard work, pride in your country, etc.).

noun a British person who was alive during the period from 1837 to 1901, when Queen Victoria ruled

Vic.toria 'plum noun (BrE) a type of yellowish-red plum which can be eaten raw or cooked   ^ fij 3E If

f, S.f ( Zl&mn, )

Vic.toria 'sponge noun [c, U] a type of sponge cake that is made with fat in the mixture vic tori ous /vik'toirias/ adj. ~ (in sth) having won a victory; that ends in victory  ftflTAj;

H771 successful, triumphant : the victorious army/ team JftfiJ A W; ft jftft] PA 0 He emerged victorious in the elections.          ttSft#JftfJo ► victori-

ous-ly adv.          *.     !

victory <>■» /'viktari/ noun (pi. -ies) [c, U]

~ (over/against sb/sth) success in a game, an election, a war, etc. jftfij; : the team’s 3-2 victory against

Poland T^fAW 3:2     .0 to win a victory ft#jft

M o a decisive/narrow victory ftftft    ; I^Jfto