2302
suddenly and without the official support of a trade/ LABOR UNION ( &^$ft#J
2 (of a business or project dfc ik M @) that has not
been carefully planned and that will probably not be
successful; that does not follow normal standards and methods ( ) Xfiglft; ft&IEt##l(ft
■
verb (-tt-)
[v] (NAmF) to look for oil in a place where
nobody has found any yet ► wild cat ter noun
■
noun a type of small
wild cat that lives in mountains
and forests M ( )
wildebeest /'wildabiist/ noun {pi. wildebeest)
(also gnu) a large antelope with curved horns fo ^; ft S,: a herd
of wildebeest —
wil der ness /'wildanas; NAmE -darn-/ noun
[usually sing.] 1 a large area of land that has never been developed or used
for growing crops because it is difficult to live there A A *0 (ft fill IX.; The
Antarctic is the world’s last great wilderness. ® M M
J?-±. H If? AAjnilift 0 (NAmE) a wilderness area (= one where it is
not permitted to build houses or roads) ( iM£lJ£(ft ) {^ ft o {figura
tive) the barren wilderness of modern life
ft; X. iS It ^ Eft M 2 a place that people do not take care of or
control I! 3c (ft Jfe ft ; A X £1:: Their garden is a wilderness of
grass and weeds. jffe {ft (ft Vc HI ^ A X 0 fTSTTTI in
the wilderness no longer in an important position, especially in
politics ft ff ; t I ^
» >
wild-fire /'waildfaia(r)/ noun [U] llflfil see spread v. wild-fowl /'waildfaol/ noun
[pi.] birds that people hunt for sport or food, especially birds that live near
water such as ducks and geese (
ftJ&XJSftAi&ttAUfll'
w) Kit, mm, mm
.wild 'goose chase noun a
search for sth that is impossible for you to find or that does not exist, that
makes you waste a lot of time (ft ft $; £3 f/lHM
iilili
wild-life /'waildlaif/ noun [U]
animals, birds, insects, etc. that are wild and live in a natural environment
f?Xs/j ; if XX^: Development of the area would endanger wildlife.
ft£&~M;#£/i;AiJXXtJo oa wildlife habitat/sanctuary / {£^E
Wild ly tHr /'waildli/ adv.
1 in a way that is pot controlled She
looked wildly around for an escape. 0 jf}, -^ft
fSill&o 0 His heart was beating wildly.
ftilEftftHiJgil^Hlfe ©fc H o 2 extremely; very
ft; # #: The story had been wildly exaggerated. fo^ gfc it ft fo ft A 7 „ 0 It
is
not a wildly funny play.
.wild ‘silk noun [U] a
type of rough silk KHM; the .Wild West noun
[sing.] the western states of the US during the years when the first Europeans
were settling there, used especially when you are referring to the fact that
there was not much respect for the law
there ®A^ (
ft&RXM, A ® A & frJ tfj
mm%)
wiles /wailz/ noun [pi.] clever tricks
that sb uses in order to get what they want or to make sb behave in a
particular way flit; #B+ wil-ful {especially BrE)
{NAmE usually will-ful) /'wilfl/
adj. {disapproving) 1 [usually before noun] (of a bad or harmful action
X ft ft IF fx A) done deliberately, although the person doing it knows that it
is wrong 1$; ft
!?(ft; jftft(ft: wilful damage 2
determined
to do what you want; not caring about what other
people want {f {ft ft ; M P;S
ift H33 head
strong : a
wilful child {f # (ft 7 * wil-ful-ly /-fali/ adv.
wil ful-ness noun [U] will Ow/wil/
modal verb, verb, noun ® modal verb {short
form ’ll /!/, negative will not, short
form won’t /waunt/,
pt would /wad; strong
form wud/, short form ’d /d/, negative would not, short
form wouldn’t /'wudnt/)
1 used for talking about or predicting the future ( i) : You’ll be in time
if you hurry. fo — 0 How
long will you be
staying in
leaving soon. ® It fg #, fM
Ife-Sft 1? jfe 7 b 0 By next year all the money will have been spent. (ft'$5#;#
fbAiTo 2 used for showing that sb is willing to
do sth ( ) Eg, g, fcg: I’ll check
this letter for
you, if you want, fog MB M, ft ft
* n f-P A A A if fo (ft <,
0 They won’t lend us any more money.
fMIXMliflNn' fit flH IT, 0 He wouldn’t come—he said he was too busy.
{4ftig3|t, IfkiftfffeAtlX o We said we would keep them, 3 used for asking sb to
do sth ( )
: Will you send this letter
for me, please? if fo^k
jfffiffjgt. ft Aft ? 0 You’ll water the plants while I’m away, won’t
you? f£^ftIffflf & Wfotnft $ $£ 'M A , ft X ft ? 07 asked him
if he wouldn’t mind calling later. ?JtPftffet6iXMftJLPf 0 4 used for
ordering sb to do sth ( ) : You’ll
do it this minute! foMf£$tf tiif
! o Will you be quiet! 5 used
for stating what you think is
probably true ( )
: That’ll be the doctor
now. &ftJL#£flEXAXo 0 You’ll have
had dinner already, I suppose. ftiH, £i| H fo A #E B £5 nfc j£
® J „
6 used
for stating what is generally true ( ®
^3 ) : If it’s made of wood it will float. E ^
IIA ft ik W M if & 7jC ffi ± o 0 Engines won’t run without
lubricants. ft % $ ft.
«fc AI6 IS
» 7 used for
stating what is true or possible in a particular case
( &£ ) : This jar will hold
a kilo. 0 The door won’t
open! g|5
8 used
for talking about habits (
A ^ ‘IS ) : She’ll listen to music, alone in her
room, for hours. fcfeJ&IMteg— AAtSMSB/r-s A, -Vfj&JcJirJlA/h
0 He
would spend hours on the telephone, gfa -ftft, fo.WtM/t o J If you
put extra stress on
the word will or would in this meaning, it shows that
the habit annoys you: He 'will comb his hair at the table, even though he
knows I don’t like it.
Jt$£ will ajc would, SP^^ A1$A: He'will comb his hair
at the table, even though he knows I don’t like it. o note at modal, shall
■
verb [V wh-] {third
person sing. pres. t. will) (only used in
the simple present tense {X ft 7 M -ft ffl
£ 0ft {old-
fashioned or formal) to want or like M;
IS M;
HXfc: Call it what you will, it’s still a problem.
%% S{J5^Al»lMo
■
verb 1 to use the
power of your mind to do sth or to
make sth happen 'jjL&M |«1; A7'; : [VN] As a child
he had thought he could fly, if he willed it enough.
{ffe/Js
o
[VN to inf] She willed her eyes to stay open. i{!
Bf o 0 He willed himself not to panic.
{&$! Alt g BA W ® ^ o 2 {old use) to intend or want sth to
happen f3.g ( A ) : [VN] They
thought they had been
victorious in battle because God had willed it. fo {[ ] VJ.
A gftftTJ&ttJiAfflft ifEo [also v that] 3 ~ sth (to sb)
| ~ sb sth to formally give your property or
possessions to sb after you have died, by means of a will n.{3)
mm ( wir-m ) )i¥( ^a
); : ivnn, vn]
Joe had willed them everything he possessed, fyfo SB® ft
(ft --tJJ fPiS ft T {ffe jfl o 0 Joe had willed everything he possessed to them, }E ft B ffl
ft 69 —'W U it If ft T
ffefflo
■
noun 1 [C, U] the
ability to control your thoughts and actions in order to achieve what you want
to do; a feeling of strong determination to do sth that you want to do M iU;
Wi. f];
o to have an iron will/a will of iron ft^i^Jlg
Kilo Her decision to continue shows great strength of will. MAftMftTA,
MAftTfSA&ftltAAfo 0 In spite of what happened, he never lost the will to
live. El Hr ttajfciliS, AWJt^o
o The meeting
turned out to be a clash of wills. #C
0 She always wants to impose her will on other
people (= to get what she wants). ft
B
(ft M A ® ftd ¥ A o' — see also free will, willpower 2 [sing] what
sb wants to happen in a particular situation it®; >|> Eg: I don’t
want to go against your will.
o {formal) It is God’s will. &M± f!r(ft 0 1ft 3 (also tes-ta-ment)
[c] a legal document that says what is to happen to sb’s money and
property after they die iiRS: I ought to make a will. jSit3£{fr