withdrawal

2312 I

with-draw-al /wid'droial; wi0'd-/ noun 1 [u, C] the act of moving or taking sth away or back IK ft; i|£|e]; ®.{s] the withdrawal of support ft # ft 1"# o the withdrawal of the UN troops from the region

0                  the withdrawal of a product from the market ftftlijft

2 [U] the act of no longer taking part in sth or being a member of an organization ; i!

' tb (   ) : his withdrawal from the election

ft Wild] 0 a campaign for Britain’s withdrawal from the EU    III il ft [>&§g W j53(j 3 [C] the act of taking an

amount of money out of your bank account (

Ad3) You can make withdrawals of up to

$250 a day. ft-Aft250 TCo 4 [u] the period of time when sb is getting used to not taking a drug that they have become addicted to, and the unpleasant effects of doing this # M IS ;

lit, ft] : I got withdrawal symptoms after giving up smoking.     5 [C, usually sing.,

U] the act of saying that you no longer believe that sth you have previously said is true ( )?fti&;jiiWiifW ) ife®,

M 0 : The newspaper published a withdrawal the next day.      z: AAMTlifilft BJ 0    H23retraction

6 [U] {psychology ft) the behaviour of sb who wants to be alone and does not want to communicate with other people

withdrawn /wiQ'droin/ adj. not wanting to talk to other people; extremely quiet and shy ijLiKSWW; '16 MW; ftWW

wither /’wida(r)/ verb 1 if a plant withers or sth withers it, it dries up and dies ( $* ) ttH, Dililt: [V] The grass had withered in the warm sun.

W PH ATIftAT o [also VN] 2 [V] ~ (away) to become less or weaker, especially before disappearing completely # t$;    ( X tt M if ) $ A ,   All our hopes just

withered away. ISin5ft#W#§[$$lnMA7o withered /'widad; NAmE -ard/ adj. [usually before noun]

1                  (of plants tS#j) dried up and dead ftlft W; W

Pm shrivelled : withered leaves 2 (of people A) looking old because they are thin and weak and have very dry skin       W; ttti W; AtS W 3 (of parts

of the body # ft pP fit) thin and weak and not fully developed because of disease -SgfsjW;

, j&W: withered limbs

withering /'wiQarir)/ adj. (of a look, remark, etc. ft I#, t^ilf^) intended to make sb feel silly or ashamed ft^'JW; {£A*£iIW; ftAAHkgWW: withering scorn {£AXf£):SW35l§ o She gave him a withering look.

HSo ► witheringly adv.

with-ers /'wiQaz; NAmE -arz/ noun [pi.] the highest part of a horse’s back, between its shoulders ff ft ( ^ Ji I?

)

with hold /wid'hauld; wi0'h-; NAmE -'hould/ verb (with­held, with held /-'held/) [VN] ~ sth (from sb/sth) (formal) to refuse to give sth to sb ft  ^ in HTl keep

back : She was accused of withholding information from the police.         »0

with holding tax noun [C, U] (in the US) an amount of money that an employer takes out of sb’s income as tax and pays directly to the government ( JUS ftHA.Ain IttftAftft) mmtx— compare

PAY AS YOU EARN

with-in O-w/wi'Sm/ prep., adv.

uprep. 1 before a particular period of time has passed; during a particular period of time ft ft ( ^J£Ej'N ) ; it ( FUSIN'l'a] )       : You should receive a reply within

seven days.  O The ambulance

arrived within minutes of the call being made, ft ft ft ft Jl iH'P rt # tf3 ft ifc 3\ 7 o 0 Two elections were held within the space of a year, ft—ft W IB] # f*l T M 2 not further than a particular distance from sth*ft.(.£gfi£ft ) ; ft (   ) £|bT: ahouse

within a mile of the station

o Is it within walking distance? $P M ft ff ft # 3\    ?

3 inside the range or limits of sth ft A ( ft ft Bl git Rt It; ) ; ft ( ftftHI ) ft 1*1: That question is not within the scope of this talk.

We are now within range of enemy fire. f^nf&ft&tA ifc AW       Alo O He finds it hard to live within his

income (= without spending more than he earns), ilk^ nm i a WiftAftrS)f lAMo E22outside 4 (formal) inside sth/sb ft M; ft • • |*| n|$: The noise seems to be coming from within the building. IftlM S#AMW o 0 There is discontent within the farming industry.

adv. (formal) inside ft M ffi; ft I*] nP: Cleaner required. Apply within. (= on a sign) jf with OUt 0-w/wi'daut/ prep., adv. uprep. 1 not having, experiencing or showing sth ; (sk^i: They had gone two days without food, ftk i\ ) W A ^ifelfTo 0 He found the place without difficulty, ilk it ft A ilk $ 3\ 7 ip M A c O She spoke without much enthusiasm.         Wo 2 not in the company of

sbAfR -ft—A - ffi#: Don’t go without me. %ij/t 3 not using or taking sth

Can you see without your glasses?     jam?

O Don’t go out without your coat. #l] If A ft It ft A o 4 ~ (sb) doing sth not doing the action mentioned ^ (   ) ; A; He left without saying goodbye.

ftk M o O The party was organized without her knowing anything about it. E ^ 5- ^ , M £P — A jjffftlo o You can’t make an omelette without breaking eggs.          o without

wanting to criticize, I think you could have done better. (= used before you make a critical comment)

uadv. not having or showing sth ; iSjfe A : Do you want a room with a bath or one without? 11 A* 3?'ll? '{ft )# |h] W |a] ? o If there’s none left we’ll have to do without.  l^fnttRwhwtjo 0 I’m sure

we’ll manage without. $cffifg|icf]fbi#^Wo .with-1 profit (also .with-'profits) adj. (BrE) used to describe an insurance policy or an investment where the amount paid includes a share in the company’s profits () 3BIW, *WJ'$W with stand /wiS'staend; wi0's-/ verb (with stood, with­stood /-’stud/) [VN] (formal) to be strong enough not to be hurt or damaged by extreme conditions, the use of force, etc.    IK ft; 135 ft; l£3§:ft ETH! resist,

stand up to : The materials used have to be able to withstand high temperatures. gfti&R}

o o They had withstood siege, hunger and depriv­ation.

wit-less /'wrtles/ adj. silly or stupid; not sensible M M W; H3J1 foolish rm be scared/bored

'witless (informaf) to be extremely frightened or bored

win;

wit-neSS o-w /'Witnas/ noun, verb mnoun

2                  PERSON WHO SEES STH -flt # 1 (also eye-wit ness) [C]

a person who sees sth happen and is able to describe it to other people @ ft #; JaL ft A: Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident. If ft ft ftE ^ W @ ft# ft MftiiHo 0 a witness to the killing % XU W @ Si

iEA

3                  IN COURT feiA 2 [C] a person who gives evidence in

court iEA: a defence/prosecution witness W /}$ ft W iE A 0 to appear as (a) witness for the defence/ prosecution   vE

4                  OF SIGNATURE 3 [C] a person who is present when an official document is signed and who also signs it to prove that they saw this happen JaLtIA; A: He was one of the witnesses at our wedding. hEUA^-o

5                  OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS m & fg ffil. 4 [U] evidence of a person’s strong religious beliefs, that they show by what they say and do in public JaL ffi ( UiWftiE^if # ) — see also Jehovah’s Witness

tmi be (a) 'witness to sth 1 (formal) to see sth take place gft, #JaL (    ) : He has been witness

to a terrible murder, ftk @ ft T—i^SW^llllto 2 to show that sth is true; to provide evidence for sth ft         His good health is a witness

to the success of the treatment.

bear/give 'witness (to sth) to provide evidence of the truth of sth ft • • • ft iE; iEBJ]